John Munro

Department of Economics

University of Toronto

munro5@chass.utoronto.ca





A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TEXTILES, 1100 - 1750





A. The Technology of Textile Manufacturing: from Late Roman to Early Modern Times



* 1. J. M. Roland de la Platière, L'art du fabricant d'étoffes en laines (Paris, 1780).



* 2. William Partridge, A Practical Treatise on Dying [sic] of Woollen, Cotton, and Skein Silk (New York, 1823; reissued and edited, with technical notes by J. de L. Mann and K.G. Ponting, Pasold Research Fund, Wilts., 1973).



3. William Beck, The Draper's Dictionary: A Manual of Textile Fabrics, Their History and Applications (London, 1882).



4. J.W. Radcliffe, The Manufacture of Woollen and Worsted Yarns (Manchester and London, 1913).



5. G. Willemsen, 'Technique et l'organisation de la draperie à Bruges, à Gand, et à Malines au milieu du XVIe siècle,' Annales de l'Academie royale d'archéologie de Belgique, 68 (1920), 5-69, 109-75.



* 6. . Abbott P. Usher, A History of Mechanical Inventions (1929; revised edn. Cambridge, Mass. 1954), chapter XI: 'Machinery of the Textile Industries: 100-1800 A.D.', pp. 304-331.



7. E. Kilburn Scott, 'Early Cloth Fulling and Its Machinery,' the Newcomen Society Transactions, 12 (1931-32).



* 8. E.M. Carus-Wilson, 'An Industrial Revolution of the Thirteenth Century,' Economic History Review, 1st series 11 (1941), reprinted in her Medieval Merchant Venturers: Collected Studies (London, 1954), pp. 183-211.



9. George D. Ramsay, The Wiltshire Woollen Industry in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (London, 1943; 2nd edn., London, 1965), chapter II: 'The structure of the Wiltshire woollen industry during the sixteenth century: processes and transactions from wool-grower to consumer', pp. 6-30.



* 10. Guy De Poerck, La draperie médiévale en Flandre et en Artois: Technique et terminologie, 3 vols. (Bruges, 1951), Vol. I: la technique [in Science and Medicine Library].



11. Ephraim Lipson, A Short History of Wool and Its Manufacture (London, 1953), chapter VII: 'Processes and Inventions'.



12. J. Tas, Viertalig Textiel-Woordenboek voor de Handel: Nederlands, Duits, Engels, Frans: met alfabetische registers en enkele tableaux (Doetinchem: Uitgevers Mij Misset, 1953).



** 13. R. Patterson, 'Spinning and Weaving,' in Charles Singer, E.J. Holmyard, et al., eds., A History of Technology, Vol. II (Oxford, 1956), pp. 191-200.



14. Walter Endrei, 'L'apparition en Europe du métier à marche,' Bulletin de liaison du centre international d'étude des textiles anciens, no. 8 (July 1958), 22-27. [Available in the library of the Royal Ontario Museum, textile division.]



15. P. Vàczy, 'La transformation de la technique et de l'organisation de l'industrie textile en Flandre aux XI-XIIIe siècles,' Studia Historica Academiae Scientarum Hungaricae, 48 (1960), 3-26.



16. Pierre Deyon, 'Variations de la production textile au XVIe et XVIIIe siècles,' Annales: E.S.C., 18 (1963), 39-55.



* 17. Marta Hoffmann, The Warp-Weighted Loom: Studies in the History and Technology of an Ancient Implement (Oslo, 1964). Despite its odd title and rarified subject (though only in places), it contains one of the most fascinating and comprehensive accounts of the medieval technology of cloth-making in general. [In the Science and Medicine Library.]



* 18. Herbert Heaton, The Yorkshire Woollen and Worsted Industries, 2nd edn. (Oxford, 1965), chapter X, 'The Processes of Manufacture: from the Sheep's Back to the Cloth Hall,' pp. 322-58; and pp. 259-63. [Note: the first edition appeared in 1920; and so substantial are the revisions that there is no point in citing the 1st edition.]



19. Walter Endrei, L'evolution des techniques du filage et du tissage: du moyen âge à la revolution industrielle (The Hague, 1968), pp. 49-135.

* 20. M.L. Ryder, 'The Origin of Spinning,' Textile History, 1 (1968-70), 73-82,



21. Hugo Lemon, 'The Development of Hand Spinning Wheels,' Textile History, 1 (1968-70), 83-91.



22. Eleanora Carus-Wilson, 'Haberget: A Medieval Textile Conundrum,' Medieval Archeology, 13 (1969), 148-66.



23. Donald C. Coleman, 'An Innovation and its Diffusion: The 'New Draperies',' Economic History Review, 2nd ser. 12 (1969), 417-29.



* 24. J.P. Wild, Textile Manufacture in the Northern Roman Provinces (Cambridge, 1970).



25. Julia de Lacey Mann, The Cloth Industry in the West of England from 1640-1880 (Oxford, 1971), chapter X: 'The Processes of Manufacture,' pp. 280-307; plus appendices II-V, pp. 311-40.



26. Walter Endrei, 'Changements dans la productivité de l'industrie lainiere au moyen âge,' Annales: E.S.C., 26 (1971), 1291-99.



27. Raymond Van Uytven, 'The Fulling Mill: Dynamic of the Revolution in Industrial Attitudes,' Acta Historiae Neerlandicae, 5 (1971), 1-14.



28. Adam Nahlik, 'Les techniques de l'industrie textile en Europe orientale, du Xe au XVe siècle,' Annales: E.S.C., 26 (1971), 1279-90.



29. J. Geraint Jenkins, ed., The Wool Textile Industry in Great Britain (London, 1972):



a) H. Catling, 'The Evolution of Spinning,' pp. 101-16.



b) Kenneth G. Ponting, 'Cloth Finishing,' pp. 170-84.



30. Adam Nahlik, 'The Interpretation of Textile Remains as a Source for the History of the Textile Industry of the 10th-15th Centuries,' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio, e consumo dei panni di lana, nei secoli XII-XVIII (Florence, 1976), pp. 603-12.



31. Patricia Baines, Spinning Wheels, Spinners and Spinning (London, 1977).



32. Agnes Geijer, A History of Textile Art, Pasold Research Fund Publications (London, 1979), chapters 1-4, and 12.



33. Kenneth G. Ponting, ed., Leonardo da Vinci: Drawings of Textile Machines (London, 1979).

34. Walter Endrei, 'La productivité et la technique dans l'industrie textile du XIIIe au XVIIe siècle,' in Sara Mariotti, ed., Produttività e tecnologie nei secoli XII-XVII (1981), 253-62.



35. A. Rupert Hall and N. C. Russell, 'What About the Fulling Mill?' History of Technology, 6 (1981).

36. Dorothy Burnham, Warp and Weft: A Dictionary of Textile Terms (Toronto, 198l).



37. Andrew Woodger, 'The Eclipse of the Burel Weaver: Some Technological Developments in the Thirteenth Century,' Textile History, 12 (1981), 59 - 76.



38. Walter Endrei, and Geoff Egan, 'The Sealing of Cloth in Europe, With Special Reference to the English Evidence,' Textile History, 13 (Spring 1982), 47-76.



* 39. N.B. Harte and K. G. Ponting, eds., Cloth and Clothing in Medieval Europe: Essays in Memory of Professor E. M. Carus-Wilson, Pasold Studies in Textile History no. 2 (London: Heinemann, 1983):



a) John Munro, 'The Medieval Scarlet and the Economics of Sartorial Splendour,' pp. 13-70. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



b) Judith Hofenk-De Graaff, 'Chemistry of Red Dyestuffs in Medieval and Early Modern Europe,' pp. 71-9.



c) Agnes Geijer, 'The Textile Finds from Birka,' in pp. 80-99.



d) Margaret Nockert, 'A Scandinavian Haberget?' pp. 100-07.



e) Walter Endrei, 'The Productivity of Weaving in Late Medieval Flanders,' pp. 108-19.



f) Philippe Wolff, 'Three Samples of English Fifteenth-Century Cloth,' pp . 120-5.



40. Frances A. Pritchard, 'Late Saxon Textiles from the City of London,' Medieval Archeology, 28 (1984), 46-76.



41. D. L. Carroll, 'Dating the Foot-Powered Loom: The Coptic Evidence,' The American Journal of Archaeology, 2nd ser., 89 (1985), 168-73.



42. Paolo Malanima, 'The First European Textile Machine,' Textile History, 17 (1986), 115 - 28.



43. John Munro, 'Linen,' in Joseph R. Strayer, et al, eds., Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 13 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons-MacMillan, 1982-89), Vol. VII (1986), pp. 584-6.



44. Merry Wiesner, 'Spinsters and Seamstresses: Women in Cloth and Clothing Production,' in M. Ferguson, M. Quilligan, and N. Vickers, eds., Rewriting the Renaissance: The Discourses of Sexual Differences in Early Modern Europe (Chicago, 1986).



45. G. W. Taylor, 'New Light on Insect Red Dyes of the Ancient Middle East,' Textile History, 18 (Autumn 1987), 143 - 46.



46. John P. Wild, 'The Roman Horizontal Loom,' The American Journal of Archaeology, 2nd ser., 91:3 (July 1987), 459-73.



47. John Munro, 'Scarlet,' and 'Silk,' in Joseph R. Strayer, et al, eds., Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 13 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons-MacMillan, 1982-89), Vol. XI (1988), pp. 37, 293-6. (1)



* 48. John Munro, 'Textile Technology,' and 'Textile Workers,' in Joseph R. Strayer, et al., eds., The Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Vol. XI (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1988), pp. 693-715. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



49. Dominique Cardon, Les 'vers' du rouge: insectes tinctoriaux (Homoptera: Coccoidea) utilisés dans l'ancien monde au moyen-âge: essai d'entomologie historique, Cahiers d'histoire et de la philosophie des sciences no. 28, Société française d'histoire des sciences et des techniques, Paris, 1990. See review of this important study in Textile History, 22:1 (Spring 1991), 140-41, by G. W. Taylor.



50. M. L. Ryder, 'The Natural Pigmentation of Animal Textile Fibres,' Textile History, 21 (Autumn 1990), 135 - 48.



* 51. Walter Endrei, 'Manufacturing a Piece of Woollen Cloth in Medieval Flanders: How Many Work Hours?' in Erik Aerts and John Munro, ed., Textiles of the Low Countries in European Economic History (Leuven University Press, 1990), pp. 14-23.



52. Elsa E. Gudjonsson, 'Some Aspects of the Icelandic Warp-Weighted Loom, Vefstaður,' Textile History, 21:2 (Autumn 1990), 165-9.



53. Penelope Walton, 'Textiles,' in John Blair and Nigel Ramsay, eds., English Medieval Industries: Craftsmen, Techniques, Products (London: The Hambledon Press, 1991), pp. 319 - 54.



54. Lise Bender Jørgensen, North European Textiles until AD 1000 (Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1992).



55. John Munro, 'Textiles,' in Frank A. Mantello and George Rigg, eds., Medieval Latin: An Introduction and Bibliographical Guide (Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1996), pp. 474 - 84.



56. Patrick Chorley, 'The Evolution of the Woollen, 1300 - 1700,' in Negley B. Harte, ed., The New Draperies in the Low Countries and England, 1300 - 1800, Pasold Studies in Textile History, Vol. 10 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), pp. 7-34



57. Dominique Cardon, La draperie au moyen âge: essor d'une grande industrie européenne (Paris: CNRSS, 1999).



* 58. John Munro, 'Medieval Woollens: Technology and Industrial Organisation,' and 'Medieval Woollens: The International Commerce in Textiles, 1000-1500 A.D.,' in David Jenkins, ed., The Cambridge History of Western Textiles (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press), forthcoming 2001.



See also the journal Textile History, beginning with Vol. I (1968-70).







B. The Wool Trades: English and Spanish



1. Clement Armstrong, 'Treatise Concerninge the Staple,' [ca. 1536] in R.H. Tawney and Eileen Power, eds. Tudor Economic Documents, (London, 1924), vol. III, pp. 96-103 (written ca. 1525-35).



2. John Smith, Chronicon Rusticum-Commerciale, or Memoirs of Wool, 2 vols. (London, 1747; reprinted London: Gregg Publishers, 1968).



3. W. Youatt, Sheep: Their Breeds, Management, and Diseases (London, 1837). An important book, despite its age.



4. Julius Klein, The Mesta: A Study in Spanish Economic History, 1273-1836 (Cambridge, Mass., 1920).



5. Eileen Power, Medieval People (London, 1924), chapter V: 'Thomas Betson, a Merchant of the Staple in the Fifteenth Century,' pp. 125-59.



6. Eileen Power, 'The Wool Trade in the Reign of Edward IV,' Cambridge Historical Journal, 2 (1926), 17-35.



* 7. Eileen Power, 'The Wool Trade in the Fifteenth Century,' in Eileen Power and M. M. Postan, eds., Studies in English Trade in the Fifteenth Century (London, 1933), pp. 39-90.



8. E.E. Rich, Ordinance Book of the Merchants of the Staple (Cambridge, 1937).



** 9. Eileen Power, The Wool Trade in English Medieval History (London, 1941).



10. R. A. Pelham, 'The Early Wool Trade in Warwickshire and the Rise of the Merchant Middle Class,' Birmingham Archaeological Society Transactions and Proceedings for 1939 and 1940, 63 (1944), 41-62.



11. R. A. Pelham, 'Fourteenth-Century England,' in H.C. Darby, ed., An Historical Geography of England before A.D. 1800 (Cambridge, 1951), pp. 239-47. Good geographic survey of medieval wool production.



12. Peter Bowden, 'Movements in Wool Prices, 1490 - 1610,' Yorkshire Bulletin of Economic and Social Research, 4 (1952), 109-24.



* 13. Ephraim Lipson, A Short History of Wool and Its Manufacture (London, 1953).



* 14. Robert Lopez, 'The Origin of the Merino Sheep,' The Joshua Starr Memorial Volume: Studies in History and Philology (a publication of Jewish Social Studies no. 5, New York, 1953), pp. 161-68.



15. Peter Bowden, 'The Home Market in Wool, 1500-1700,' Yorkshire Bulletin of Economic and Social Research, 8 (1956).



* 16. Peter J. Bowden, 'The Wool Supply and the Woollen Industry,' in Economic History Review, 2nd ser. 9 (1956-57), 44-58.



17. Robert Trow-Smith, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700 (London, 1957), chapter 4: 'Medieval Sheep Husbandry,' pp. 131-72. See also chapters 5, 6.



18. K.J. Allison, 'Flock Management in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries,' Economic History Review, 2nd ser., 11 (1958), 98-112.



19. R.A. Donkin, 'Cistercian Sheep-Farming and Wool Sales in the Thirteenth Century,' Agricultural History Review, 6 (1958), 2-9.



20. R.A. Donkin, 'The Disposal of Cistercian Wool in England and Wales during the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries,' Cîteaux in de Nederlanden, 8 (1959), 181-202. [Available in the Pontifical Institute Library, in St. Michael's College Library.]



* 21. Peter Bowden, The Wool Trade in Tudor and Stuart England (London, 1962), pp. 1-76.



22. Michael Ryder, 'The History of Sheep Breeds in Britain,' Agricultural History Review, 12 (1964), 1-12, 65-82. [Views contrast sharply with those of Bowden cited above for 1956-62.]



23. University of London, ed., English Wool Trade: Selected Tracts, 1613-1715 (London: Gress Press, 1968).



24. Michael Ryder, 'Changes in the Fleece of Sheep Following Domestication,' in P. Ucko and G. Dimbley, eds., Domestication and Exploitation of Plants and Animals (London, 1969), pp. 495-521.



25. Michael Ryder, 'The Wools of Britain,' in J. Geraint Jenkins, ed., The Wool Textile Industry in Great Britain (London, 1972), pp. 51-64.



26. Eric Kerridge, 'Wool Growing and Wool Textiles in Medieval and Early Modern Times,' in J. Geraint Jenkins, ed., The Wool Textile Industry in Great Britain (London, 1972), pp. 19-33;

27. T.H. Lloyd, 'The Medieval Wool Sack: A Study in Economic History,' Textile History, 3 (1972), 92-99.



28. Adriaan Verhulst, 'La laine indigène dans les anciens Pays-Bas entre le XIIe et le XVIIe siècle: mise en oeuvre industrielle, production et commerce,' Revue historique, 247 (1972), 281-327. Reissued in Marco Spallanzani, ed., La lana come materia prima: I fenomeni della sua produzione e circolazione nei secoli XIII-XVII (Instituto internazionale di storia economica, Prato, Serie II, Florence, 1974).



29. Alison Hanham, 'Foreign Exchange and the English Wool Merchant in the Late Fifteenth Century,' Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research of the University of London, 46 (1973), 160-75. [N.B.: Catalogued under: London, University of].



30. Michael Postan, 'The Medieval Wool Trade,' in his Medieval Trade and Finance (Cambridge, 1973), pp. 342-52. [A previously unpublished lecture delivered in 1952.]



31. T.H. Lloyd, The Movement of Wool Prices in Medieval England (Economic History Review supplement no. 6, 1973), pp. 1-30.



32. R.M. Hartwell, 'A Revolution in the Character and Destiny of British Wool,' in N.B. Harte and K.G. Ponting, eds. Textile History and Economic History: Essays in Honour of Miss Julia de Lacey Mann (Manchester, 1973), pp. 320-38.



33. Marco Spallanzani, ed., La lana come materia prima: I fenomeni della sua produzione e circolazione nei secoli XIII-XVII (Instituto internazionale di storia economica, Prato, Serie II, Florence, 1974):



* (a) George Ramsay, 'The Merchants of the Staple and the Downfall of the English Wool Export Traffic,' pp. 45-63.



(b) Federigo Melis, 'La lana della Spagna mediterranea e della Barberia occidentale nei secoli XIV-XV,' 241-51.



(c) Claude Carrère, 'Aspects de la production et du commerce de la laine en Aragon au milieu du XVe siècle,' pp. 205-19.



(d) Jan Van Houtte, 'Production et circulation de la laine comme matière première du XIIIe au XVIIe siècle,' pp. 381-95.



(e) Adam Nahlik, 'The Wool of the Middle Ages: Some Results of the Searching of Textiles Excavated in Central and Eastern Europe,' pp. 369-77.



(f) Adriaan Verhulst, 'La laine indigène dans les anciens Pays-Bas entre le XIIe et le XVIIe siècle: mise en oeuvre industrielle, production et commerce.' Also available in: Revue historique, CCXLVII (1972), 281-327.



34. Michael Ryder, 'Wools from Antiquity,' Textile History, 5 (1974), 100-10.



* 35. Terence H. Lloyd, The English Wool Trade in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, 1977).



36. John H. Munro, 'Wool Price Schedules and the Qualities of English Wools in the Later Middle Ages,' Textile History, 9 (1978), 118-69. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



37. John H. Munro, 'The 1357 Wool Price Schedule and the Decline of Yorkshire Wool Values,' Textile History, 10 (1979), 211-19. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



38. Kenneth Ponting, Sheep of the World (Blandford Press, Poole, Dorset, 1980), chapters 2 and 3.



39. Michael Ryder, 'British Medieval Sheep and Their Wool Types,' in D. W. Crossley, ed., Medieval Industry (London, 1981), pp. 16-28.



40. David Postles, 'Fleece Weights and the Wool Supply, c. 1250 - c.1350,' Textile History, 12 (1981), 96-103.



41. Alison Hanham, 'Profits on English Wool Exports, 1472 - 1544,' Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 55 (Nov. 1982), 139 - 47.



42. J. P. Bischoff, ' 'I Cannot Do't Without Counters': Fleece Weights and Sheep Breeds in Late Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Century England,' Agricultural History, 57 (April 1983), 142-60. [Note that this is the American and not the British journal.]



43. Michael Ryder, 'Medieval Sheep and Wool Types,' Agricultural History Review, 32 (1984), 14 - 28.



44. Alison Hanham, The Celys and Their World: An English Merchant Family of the Fifteenth Century (Cambridge, 1985), especially Part II: 'The Wool Trade,' pp. 109 - 254.



45. Michael L. Ryder, 'Merino History in Old Wool,' Textile History, 18 (Autumn 1987), 117 - 32.



46. M. J. Stephenson, 'Wool Yields in the Medieval Economy,' Economic History Review, 2nd ser. 41 (August 1988), 368-91.



47. John Martin, 'Sheep and Enclosure in Sixteenth-Century Northamptonshire,' The Agricultural History Review, 36 (1988), 39 - 54.



48. Kathleen Biddick, The Other Economy: Pastoral Husbandry on a Medieval Estate (Berkeley, 1989).



49. Jeffrey B. Nugent and Nicholas Sanchez, 'The Efficiency of the Mesta: A Parable,' Explorations in Economic History, 26 (July 1989), 261 - 84.



50. Michael L. Ryder, 'The Natural Pigmentation of Animal Textile Fibres,' Textile History, 21 (Autumn 1990), 135 - 48.



51. Michael L. Ryder, 'The Biology and History of Parchment,' Pergament, 1 (1991), 25-33.



52. W. Mark Ormrod, 'The Crown and the English Economy, 1290 - 1348,' in Bruce M.S. Campbell, ed., Before the Black Death: Studies in 'Crisis' of the Early Fourteenth Century (Manchester and New York, Manchester University Press, 1991), pp. 149 - 83. Important new study on the taxation of wool exports.



53. A. T. Fear, 'The Golden Sheep of Roman Andalusia,' Agricultural History Review, 40:ii (1992), 151 - 55.



54. Michael L. Ryder, 'Fleece Grading and Wool Sorting: The Historical Perspective,' Textile History, 26:1 (Spring 1995), 3-22.



55. Carla Rahn Phillips and William D. Phillips, Spain's Golden Fleece: Wool Production and the Wool Trade from the Middle Ages to the Nineteenth Century (Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1997).







C. The Woollen Cloth Industries and the Trade in Textiles: General Studies



1. R. L. Reynolds, 'The Market for Northern Textiles in Genoa, 1179-1200,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 8 (1929), 831-50.



2. Renée Doehaerd, ed., Les relations commerciales entre Gênes, la Belgique, et l'Outremont, d'après les archives notariales génoises aux XIIIe et XIVe siècles, 3 vols., Institut Historique Belge de Rome: Études d'histoire économique et sociale (Brussels: Palais des Academies, 1941).



3. Renée Doehaerd, and Charles Kerremans, eds., Les relations commerciales entre Gênes, la Belgique, et l'Outremont d'après les archives notariales génoises, 1400 - 1440, Institut Historique Belge de Rome: Études d'histoire économique et sociale (Brussels: Palais des Academies, 1952).



** 4. E.M. Carus-Wilson, 'The Woollen Industry,' in M.M. Postan and E.E. Rich, eds., Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vol. II: Trade and Industry in the Middle Ages (1952), pp. 372-428. Reissued with some revisions in M. M. Postan and Edward Miller, eds., The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vol. II: Trade and Industry in the Middle Ages, 2nd rev. edn. (Cambridge, 1987), pp. 614-90.



5. Robert-Henri Bautier, 'Les foires de Champagne: recherches sur une evolution historique,' Bulletin de la société Jean Bodin, V: La foire (Paris, 1953), pp. 97-145; republished in English trans. as 'The Fairs of Champagne,' in Rondo Cameron, ed., Essays in French Economic History (Homewood, Ill., 1970), pp. 42-63.



6. Ephraim Lipson, A Short History of Wool and its Manufacture (London, 1953).



7. Françoise Piponnier, 'A propos de textiles anciens, principalement médiévaux,' Annales: E.S.C., 22 (1967), 864 - 80.



8. Léone Liagre-De Sturler, ed., Les relations commerciales entre Gênes, la Belgique, et l'Outremont, d'après les archives notariales génoises, 1320 - 1400, 2 vols. Institut Historique Belge de Rome: Études d'histoire économique et sociale (Brussels: Palais des Academies, 1969).



9. Harry Miskimin, The Economy of Renaissance Europe, 1300-1460 (1969); reissued Cambridge, 1975), pp. 92-104 ('Wool vs. Silk'), pp. 129-37.



10. Maurice Aymard, 'Production, commerce, et consommation des draps de laine du XIIe au XVIIe siecle,' Revue historique, 246 (1971), 5-12.



11. Jacques Heers, 'La mode et les marchés des draps de laine: Gênes et la Montagne à la fin du moyen âge,' Annales: E.S.C. 26 (1971), 1093-1117. Also published in Marco Spallanzani and Federigo Melis, eds. Produzione, Seconda Settimana di Studio, Instituto commercio, e consumo dei panni di lana, Atti della internazionale de Storia Economica di Prato: Seconda Settimana di Studio, Instituto internazionale de Storia Economica di Prato (Florence, 1976).



12. Sylvia Thrupp, 'Medieval Industry, 1000-1500,' in Carlo Cipolla, ed., Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vol. I: The Middle Ages (London, 1972), pp. 221-73.



13. Marian Malowist, 'Les changements dans la structure de la production et du commerce du drap au cours du XIVe et du XVe siècle,' in his Croissance et regression en Europe, XIVe-XVIIe siècles: recueil d'articles (Cahiers des Annales no. 34, Paris, 1972), pp. 53-62.



14. Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, Seconda Settimana di Studio, Instituto commercio, e consumo dei panni di lana, Atti della internazionale de Storia Economica di Prato: Seconda Settimana di Studio, Instituto internazionale de Storia Economica di Prato (Florence, 1976). In this same volume, see also essays by Aymard, Barbieri, Carmona, Giuffrida, Kotelnikovo, Manselli, Melis, Mira, and Trasselli. Some are listed below, by the countries concerned.



15. Eliyahu Ashtor, 'Observations on Venetian Trade in the Levant in the XIVth Century,' Journal of European Economic History, 5 (1976), 533-86.



16. Eliyahu Ashtor, 'L'exportation de textiles occidentaux dans le Proche Orient musulman au bas moyen âge (1370 - 1517),' in Luigi de Rosa, et al., eds. Studi in memoria di Federigo Melis, Vol. II (Florence: G. Editore, 1978), pp. 303 - 77.



17. Wolfgang von Stromer, Die Gründung der Baumwollindustrie im Mitteluropa: Wirtschaftspolitik im Spätmittelalter (Stuttgart, 1978).



18. Agnes Geijer, A History of Textile Art (London, 1979).



19. J.F. Drinkwater, 'The Wool Textile Industry of Gallia Belgica and the Secundinii of Igel: Questions and Hypotheses,' Textile History, 13 (Spring 1982), 111-28.



20. Negley B. Harte and Kenneth G. Ponting, eds., Cloth and Clothing in Medieval Europe: Essays in Memory of Professor E. M. Carus-Wilson (Pasold Studies in Textile History no. 8; London: Heinemann, 1983). See in particular, for this general section:



a) John Munro, 'The Medieval Scarlet and the Economics of Sartorial Splendour,' pp. 13-70. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



b) Raymond Van Uytven, 'Cloth in Medieval Literature of Western Europe,' pp. 151-83.



c) Françoise Piponnier, 'Cloth Merchants' Inventories in Dijon in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries,' pp. 230-47.



d) Jerzy Wyrozumski, 'The Textile Trade of Poland in the Middle Ages,' pp. 248 - 57.



e) Hermann Kellenbenz, 'The Fustian Industry of the Ulm Region in the Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries,' pp. 259-78.



f) Veronika Gervers, 'Medieval Garments in the Mediterranean World,' pp. 279 - 315.



g) Inga Hägg, 'Viking Women's Dress at Birka: A Reconstruction by Archaeological Methods,' pp. 316-50.



h) Marta Hoffmann, 'Beds and Bedclothes in Medieval Norway,' pp. 351-67.



i) Irena Turnau, 'The Diffusion of Knitting in Medieval Europe,' pp. 368 - 89.



See also essays by Hofenk-De Graaff, Geijer, Nockert, Endrei, Wolff, Van der Wee, Hoshino, Riu in the sections on Technology, The Low Countries, Italy and Spain (for the 1983 publication date).



21. Hilmar Krueger, 'The Genoese Exportation of Northern Cloths to Mediterranean Ports, Twelfth Century,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 65 (1987), 722-50.



* 22. Eleanora Carus-Wilson, 'The Woollen Industry,' in M.M. Postan and Edward Miller, eds., The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vol. II: Trade and Industry in the Middle Ages, 2nd revised edn. (Cambridge, 1987), pp. 614-90. With some revisions from the earlier of edition of 1952 [see above].



23. Vanessa Harding, 'Some Documentary Sources for the Import and Distribution of Foreign Textiles in Late Medieval England,' Textile History, 18 (Autumn 1987), 205 - 18.



24. F. W. Carter, 'Cracow's Transit Textile Trade, 1390 - 1795: A Geographical Assessment,' Textile History, 19:1 (Spring 1988), 23 - 60.



25. Boaz Shoshan, 'On Costume and Social History in Medieval Islam,' in B. Z. Kedar and A. L. Udovitch, eds. The Medieval Levant: Studies in Memory of Eliyahu Ashtor (1914 - 1984) (special issue of Asian and African Studies: Journal of the Israel Oriental Society, XXII (Nov. 1988), pp. 35 - 51.



26. Adrienne Hood, 'Material Culture and Textiles: An Overview,' Material History Bulletin, 31 (Spring 1990), 5 - 10.



27. Steven A. Epstein, Wage Labor and Guilds in Medieval Europe (Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1991). See in particular chapter 5, 'Labor and Guilds in Crisis: the Fourteenth Century,' pp. 207-56.



28. John H. Munro, 'Patterns of Trade, Money, and Credit,' in Thomas A. Brady, jr., Heiko O. Oberman, and James D. Tracy, eds., Handbook of European History, 1400-1600: Late Middle Ages, Renaissance and Reformation, Vol. I: Structures and Assertions (Leiden/New York/Cologne: E.J. Brill, 1994), pp. 147-95.

29. Negley B. Harte, ed., The New Draperies in the Low Countries and England, 1300 - 1800, Pasold Studies in Textile History, Vol. 10 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997).



a) Patrick Chorley, 'The Evolution of the Woollen, 1300 - 1700,' pp. 7-34



b) John Munro, 'The Origin of the English 'New Draperies': The Resurrection of an Old Flemish Industry, 1270 - 1570,' pp. 35-127.



c) Robert S. Duplessis, 'One Theory, Two Draperies, Three Provinces, and a Multitude of Fabrics: the New Drapery of French Flanders, Hainaut, and the Tournaisis, c.1500 - c.1800,' pp. 129-72.



d) Leo Noordegraaf, 'The New Draperies in the Northern Netherlands, 1500 - 1800,' pp. 173-196.



e) Martha C. Howell, 'Woman's Work in the New and Light Draperies of the Low Countries,' pp. 197-216.



f) B. A. Holderness, 'The Reception and Distribution of the New Draperies in England,' pp. 217-44.



g) Luc Martin, 'The Rise of the New Draperies in Norwich, 1550 - 1622,' pp. 245-74.



h) Ursula Priestley, 'Norwich Stuffs, 1600 - 1700,' pp. 275-88.



30. John Munro, 'Medieval Woollens: Technology and Industrial Organisation,' and 'Medieval Woollens: The International Commerce in Textiles, 1000-1500 A.D.,' in David Jenkins, ed., The Cambridge History of Western Textiles (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press), forthcoming 1997 or 1998.







D. Textile Industries in Italy and the Mediterranean World



1. Alfred Doren, Studien aus der Florentiner Wirtschaftsgeschichte, Vol. I: Die Florentiner Wollentuchindustrie vom XIV. bis zum XVI. Jahrhundert (Stuttgart, 1901).



2. G. Renard, Histoire du travail à Florence, 2 vols. (Paris, 1913).



3. G. B. Zanzazzo, 'L'arte della lana in Vicenza,' Miscellanea di storia Veneta, ser. 3, 6 (1914).



4. G. Hermes, 'Der Kapitalismus in der Florentiner Wollenindustrie,' Zeitschrift für die gesamte Staatswissenschaft, 72 (1916).



5. N. Rodolico, 'The Struggle for the Right of Association in Fourteenth Century Florence,' History, 7 (1922).



6. Robert Davidsohn, 'Blüte und Niedergang der Florentiner Tuchindustrie,' Zeitschrift für die gesamte Staatswissenschaft, 85 (1928).



7. R. Brun, 'A Fourteenth Century Merchant of Italy: Francesco Datini of Prato,' Journal of Economic and Business History, 2 (1930).



8. Armando Sapori, Una compagnia di calimala ai primi del trecento, Biblioteca storica toscana, Vol. 7 (Florence: Olschki, 1932).



9. Armando Sapori, 'Una compagnia di Calimala ai primi del Trecento,' Biblioteca storica toscana, 8 (1932).



10. Robert M. Lopez, Studi sull' economia genovese nel medio evo, Vol. II: le origini dell' arte della lana (Turin, 1936).



11. Armand Deroisy, 'Les routes terrestres des laines anglaises vers la Lombardie,' Revue du Nord, 25 (1939), 40 - 60.



12. Anna Maria Agnoletti, ed., Statuto dell'arte della lana di Firenze, 1317-1319 (Florence, 1940).



* 13. Raymond De Roover, 'A Florentine Firm of Cloth Manufacturers: Management of a Sixteenth-Century Business,' Speculum, 16 (1941), 3-33; reprinted in his Business Banking, and Economic Thought in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe: Selected Studies of Raymond De Roover, ed., Julius Kirshner (Chicago, 1974), pp. 85-118.



* 14. E.M. Carus-Wilson, 'Woollen Industry,' in M. M. Postan and E.E. Rich, eds., Cambridge Economic History, Vol. II (1952), pp. 355-62, 387-97; reissued with a few revisions in M. M. Postan and Edward Miller, eds., The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vol. II: Trade and Industry in the Middle Ages, 2nd rev. edn. (Cambridge, 1987), pp. 614-21, 646-57.



15. Carmelo Trasselli, 'Il mercato dei panni a Palermo nella prima metà del XV secolo,' Economia e storia: Revista italiano di storia economica e sociale, 4 (1957), 140-66.



16. Federigo Melis, 'Uno sguardo al mercato dei panni di lana a Pisa nella seconda metà del trecento,' Economia e storia, 6:1 (March 1959), 321-65.



17. Jacques Heers, Gênes au XVe siècle: activité économique et problèmes sociaux (Paris, 1961), chapter II, part II.B, 23-55.



18. Gino Luzzatto, An Economic History of Italy (trans. Philip Jones, London, 1961), chapters 7 and 8, esp. pp. 98-120, 155-60.



19. Federigo Melis, Aspetti della vita economica medievale: studi nell'archivo Datini di Prato, Vol. I (1962), part 5: 'L'industria laniera,' pp. 455-729;



20. Robert M. Lopez, 'Market Expansion: The Case of Genoa,' Journal of Economic History, 24 (1964), 445-69.



21. Egidio Rossini and Maureen Mazzaoui, 'Società e tecnica nel medioevo: La produzione dei panni di lana a Verona nei secoli XIII-XIV-XV,' Atti e memorie della Accademia di Agricoltura, Scienze e Lettere di Verona, 6th ser. 21 (1969-70);



22. Thomas Blomquist, 'The Drapers of Lucca and the Marketing of Cloth in the Mid-Thirteenth Century,' in D. Herlihy, R. Lopez, and V. Slessarev, eds. Economy, Society, and Government in Medieval Italy: Essays in Memory of Robert L. Reynolds (Kent, Ohio, 1969), pp. 65-74.



23. Maureen Mazzaoui, 'The Cotton Industry of Northern Italy in the Late Middle Ages, 1150 - 1450,' Journal of Economic History, 32 (1972), 262-86.



24. Hidetoshi Hoshino, 'Per la storia dell'arte della lana in Firenze nel trecento e nel quattrocento: un riesame,' Annuario dell'Istituto giapponese di Roma, 10 (1972-73).

25. Jacques Heers, 'La mode et les marchés des draps de laine: Gênes et la montagne à la fin du moyen âge,' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio et consumo dei panni di lana (Florence, 1976).



26. L. A. Kotelnikova, 'La produzione dei panni di lana della campagna toscana nei secoli XIII-XIV,' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio, e consumo dei panni di lana (Florence, 1976), 221-30.



27. Maurice Aymard, 'Commerce et consommation des draps en Sicile et en Italie méridionale (XVe - XVIIIe siècles),' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio e consumo dei panni di lana (nei secoli XII - XVIII), Atti della Seconda Settimana de Studio, 10-16 april 1970 (Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 1976), pp. 127-39.



28. Maurice Carmona, 'La Toscane face à la crise de l'industrie lanière: techniques et mentalités aux XVIe et XVII siècles,' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio e consumo dei panni di lana (nei secoli XII - XVIII), Atti della Seconda Settimana de Studio, 10-16 april 1970 (Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 1976), pp. 151-68.



29. Eliyahu Ashtor, 'L'exportation de textiles occidentaux dans le Proche Orient musulman au bas moyen âge (1370 - 1517),' in Luigi de Rosa, et al., eds. Studi in memoria di Federigo Melis, Vol. II (Florence: G. Editore, 1978), pp. 303 - 77.



30. Kenneth G. Ponting, ed., Leonardo da Vinci: Drawings of Textile Machines (London, 1979).



31. Benjamin Braude, 'International Competition and Domestic Cloth in the Ottoman Empire, 1500 - 1650: A Study in Undevelopment,' Review (Fernand Braudel Center), 2 (Winter 1979), 437 - 51.

32. Hidetoshi Hoshino, L'arte della lana in Firenze nel basso medioevo:il commercio della lana e il mercato dei panni fiorentini nei secoli XIII-XV (Florence, 1980).



33. L. Braghina, 'Alcuini aspetti della politica dell'Arte della Lana di Firenze (la regolamentazione tecnolgica) nella seconda metà del XV secolo,' in Sara Mariotti, ed., Produttività e tecnologie nei secoli XII-XVII (Florence, 1981), pp. 303-08;

34. Victor Rutenburg, 'Gli operai salariati di Firenze e di Siena e produttività del lavoro,' in Sara Mariotti, ed., Produttività e tecnologie nel secoli XII-XVII (Florence, 1981), pp. 349-52.

35. Maureen Mazzaoui, The Italian Cotton Industry in the Later Middle Ages, 1100 - 1600 (Madison, 1981).



* 36. Hidetoshi Hoshino, 'The Rise of the Florentine Woollen Industry in the Fourteenth Century,' in N.B. Harte and K.G. Ponting, eds., Cloth and Clothing in Medieval Europe (London, 1983), pp. 184-204.



37. Benjamin Braude, 'The Manufacture of Salonica Cloth in the Economy of the Eastern Mediterranean [English version],' Pe'amim: Studies in the Cultural Heritage of Oriental Jewry (Ben-Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East), 15 (1983), 82 - 95.



38. Hidetoshi Hoshino and Maureen Mazzaoui, 'Ottoman Markets for Florentine Woolen Cloth in the Late Fifteenth Century,' International Journal of Turkish Studies, 3 (1985-86), 17-31.



39. Stephen Epstein, 'The Textile Industry and the Foreign Cloth Trade in Late Medieval Sicily (1300 - 1500): A 'Colonial Relationship'?' Journal of Medieval History, 15 (1989), 141 - 83.



40. Zsuzsa Teke, 'A zagrabiak gyapjuszovet-behozatala a 16. szazad kozepen [The import of woollen-cloth in Zagreb in the middle of the 16th century],' in Ference Glatz, ed., Economy, Society, Historiography: Dedicated to Zsigmond Pal Pach on his 70th Birthday (Budapest: Mta Tortenettudomanyi Intezet, 1989), pp. 83-91.



41. Benjamin Braude, 'The Rise and Fall of Salonica Woollens, 1500 - 1650: Technology Transfer and Western Competition,' Mediterranean Historical Review, 6:2 (December 1991), 216-36.



42. Alessandro Stella, La révolte des Ciompi: Les hommes, les lieux, le travail, with preface by Christiane Klapisch-Zuber, Recherches d'Histoire et de Sciences Sociales no. 57 (Paris: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, 1993).





E. France and Spain:



1. René de Lespinasse, ed., Les métiers et corporations de la ville de Paris, III, Tissus, étoffes, vêtement cuirs et peaux, XIVe-XVIIIe siècle (1897).



2. J. Deschamps de Pas, 'Textes inédits extraits des registres echevinaux sur la décadence de l'industrie drapière à Saint-Omer au XVe siècle et les efforts de l'echevinage pour y remédier,' Mémoires de la société des antiquaires de la Morinie, 31 (1913), 53-75.

3. Julius Klein, The Mesta: A Study in Spanish Economic History, 1273-1836 (Cambridge, Mass. 1920).



* 4. Robert Lopez, 'The Origin of the Merino Sheep,' The Joshua Starr Memorial Volume: Studies in History and Philology (a publication of Jewish Social Studies no. 5, New York, 1953), pp. 161-68.



5. L. Musset, 'Nouveaux documents sur l'industrie textile normande au moyen âge,' Bulletin de la société des antiquaires de Normandie, 53 (1956-57).

6. Claude Carrère, Barcelone: centre économique à l'époque des difficultés, 1380 - 1462 (Paris, 1967), chapter 6: 'La draperie barcelonaise,' 423-528.



7. Françoise Piponnier, 'La consommation des draps de laine dans quelques milieux français à la fin du moyen âge,' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio e consumo dei panni di lana (nei secoli XII - XVIII), Atti della Seconda Settimana de Studio, 10-16 april 1970 (Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 1976), pp. 423 - 34.



8. Federigo Melis, 'La lana della Spagna mediterranea e della Barberia occidentale nei secoli XIV-XV,' in Marco Spallanzani, ed., La lana come materia prima: I fenomeni della sua produzione e circolazione nei secoli XIII-XVII (Florence, 1974), pp. 241-51.



9. P. Irradiel Murrugarén, Evolucion de la industria textil castellana en los siglos XIII - XVI (Salamanca, 1975).



10. Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio, e consumo dei panni di lana nei secoli XII-XVIII (Florence, 1976): see the following:



a) Michel Mollat, 'La draperie normande,' pp. 403-22.



b) Philippe Wolff, 'Esquisse d'une histoire de la draperie en Languedoc du XIIe au début du XVIIe siècle,' pp. 435-62.



c) Claude Carrère, 'La draperie en Catalogne et en Aragon au XVe siècle,' pp. 475-509.



d) M. Gual Camarena, 'Origenes y expansion de la industria textil lanera catalan en la Edad Media', pp. 511-23.



11. Kathryn L. Reyerson, 'Le rôle de Montpellier dans le commerce des draps de laine avant 1350,' Annales du midi, 94 (Jan-March 1982), 17-40.



12. Manuel Riu, 'The Woollen Industry in Catalonia in the Later Middle Ages,' in N. B. Harte and K. G. Ponting, eds. Cloth and Clothing in Medieval Europe (London, 1983), pp. 205-29.



13. Eliyahu Ashtor, 'Catalan Cloth on the Late Medieval Mediterranean Markets,' Journal of European Economic History, 17 (Fall 1988), 227-57.



14. Jeffrey B. Nugent and Nicholas Sanchez, 'The Efficiency of the Mesta: A Parable,' Explorations in Economic History, 26 (July 1989), 261 - 84.



15. Denis Clauzel and Silvain Calonne, 'Artisant rural et marché urbain: la draperie à Lille et dans ses campagnes à la fin du Moyen Age,' Revue du Nord, 72 (Jul-Sept 1990), 531-73.



16. Marci Sortor, 'Saint-Omer and Its Textile Trades in the Late Middle Ages: A Contribution to the Proto-industrialization Debate,' The American Historical Review, 98:4 (October 1993), 1475-99.



17. Simonne Abraham-Thisse, 'Achats et consommation de draps de laine par l'hôtel de Bourgogne, 1370-1380,' in Philippe Contamine, Thierry Dutour, and Bertrand Scherb, eds., Commerce, finances et société (XIe-XVIIe siècles): Recueil de travaux d'histoire médiévale offer à M. le Professeur Henri Dubois, Cultures et Civilisations Médiévales, no. 9 (Paris: Presses de l'Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 1993), pp. 27-70.



18. John Munro, 'Textiles,' in William W. Kibler, Grover Zinn, John Bell Henneman, Lawrence Earp, and William Clark, eds., The Garland Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages, Vol. II: Medieval France: An Encyclopedia (New York and London: Garland Press, 1995), pp. 903-05.







F. The Low Countries: Flanders, Brabant, and Holland



1. H. Michelant, ed., Le livre des mestiers: dialogues français-flamands composés au XIVe siècle par un maître d'école de la ville de Bruges (Paris: Librairie Tross, 1875).



2. J. S. Renier, Histoire de l'industrie drapière au pays de Liège et particulièrement dans l'arrondissement de Verviers depuis le moyen âge jusqu'à nos jours (Liège, 1881).



3. Jules Flammermont, Histoire de l'industrie à Lille (Lille: Progrès du Nord, 1897).



4. Napoléon De Pauw, ed., Ypre jeghen Poperinghe angaende den verbonden: gedingstukken der XIVde eeuw nopens het laken (Ghent, 1899).



5. Henri Pirenne, 'Les dénombrements de la population d'Ypres au XVe siècle (1412-1506),' Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte (1903), reprinted in Histoire économique de l'occident médiéval, ed. Emile Coornaert (Bruges, 1951), pp. 458-88.

6. Guillaume Des Marez, L'organisation du travail à Bruxelles au 15e siècle (Brussels, 1904).



7. Jean-Baptiste Weckerlin, Le drap 'escarlate' au moyen âge: essai sur l'étymologie et la signification du mot écarlate et notes techniques sur la fabrication de ce drap de laine au moyen âge (1905).

8. Henri Pirenne, Histoire de Belgique, 6 vols. (Brussels, 1900-22).



9. Georges Espinas, and Henri Pirenne, eds. Recueil de documents relatifs à l'histoire de l'industrie drapière en Flandre, Ire partie: Des origines à l'époque bourguignonne, 4 vols (Brussels, 1906-1924).



10. H. Enno Van Gelder, 'De 'draperye' van Den Haag,' Die Haghe: Bijdragen en mededelingen (The Hague, 1907), pp. 229 - 350.



11. Nicolaas W. Posthumus, Geschiedenis van de Leidsche lakenindustrie, 3 vols. (The Hague, 1908-1939), Vol. I: De Middeleeuwen, veertiende tot zestiende eeuw (1908). A history of the Leiden cloth industries, from the 14th to 18th centuries (Vol. I, to the sixteenth); a classic study.



12. Georges Espinas, 'Essai sur la technique de l'industrie textile à Douai aux XIIIe et XIVe siècles (1229 - 1403),' Mémoires de la société nationale des antiquaires de France, 67 (1909).



13. Nicolaas W. Posthumus, ed., Bronnen tot de geschiedenis van de leidsche textielnijverheid, 1333-1795, 6 vols. (The Hague, 1910-22).



14. Henri De Sagher, 'Une étude récente sur l'industrie drapière à Bruges pendant le moyen âge,' Revue de l'instruction publique en Belgique, 53 (1910), 282-307.



15. M. G. Willemsen, ed., 'Le règlement général de la draperie malinoise de 1544,' Bulletin du cercle archéologique de Malines, 20 (1910), 156-90.



16. Georges Espinas, La vie urbaine de Douai au moyen âge, 4 vols. (Paris: Auguste Picard, 1913).



17. M. G. Willemsen, 'Technique et l'organisation de la draperie à Bruges, à Gand, et à Malines au milieu du XVIe siècle,' Annales de l'Academie royale d'archéologie de Belgique, 68 (1920), 5-69, 109-75.



18. Georges Espinas, La draperie dans la Flandre française au moyen âge, 2 vols. (Paris, 1923). Very good on industrial organization, production techniques, etc.; not so good on the history of change in the industry.



19. Florent Prims, 'De eerste eeuw van de lakennijverheid te Antwerpen (1226-1328),' Antwerpsche archievenblad, 2nd ser. 3 (1928), 105-49.



20. M. Braure, Etude économique sur les chatellanies de Lille, Douai, et Orchies d'après les enquêtes fiscales des XVe et XVIe siècles (Lille, 1928).



21. Henri Pirenne, 'L'instruction des marchands au moyen âge,' Annales d'histoire économique et sociale, 1 (1929), reprinted in Histoire économique de l'occident médiéval, ed. Emile Coornaert (Bruges, 1951), pp. 551-74.



22. Georges Espinas, 'La confrérie des tisserands de draps de Valenciennes (1337),' Annales d'histoire économique et sociale, 2 (1930).



23. Georges Espinas, ed., Documents relatifs à la draperie de Valenciennes au moyen âge (Paris and Lille: Emile Raoust, 1931).



24. Marian Malowist, 'Le développement des rapports économiques entre la Flandre, la Pologne et les Pays Limitrophes du XIIIe au XIVe siècle,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 10 (1931).



25. Georges Espinas, 'L'organisation corporative des métiers de la draperie à Valennciennes, 1362 - 1403,' Annales de la société scientifique de Bruxelles, 52 (1932).



26. Georges Espinas, Les origines du capitalisme, t. I: Sire Jehan Boinebroke, patricien et drapier Douaisien (? - 1286 env.), Bibliothèque de la société d'histoire de droit des pays flamands, picards, et wallons (Lille, 1933).



27. Joseph De Smet, 'L'effectif des milices brugeoises et la population de la ville en 1340,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 12:1 (1933), 631-36.



28. Henri Laurent, Un grand commerce d'exportation au moyen âge: la draperie des Pays Bas en France et dans les pays mediterranéens, XIIe-XVe siècle (Paris, 1935).



29. Charles Verlinden, 'Contribution à l'étude de l'expansion commerciale de la draperie flamande dans la peninsule Iberique au XIIIe siècle,' Revue du Nord, 22 (1936), 5-20.



30. A.C.J. De Vrankrijker, 'De textielindustrie van Naarden,' Tijdschrift voor geschiedenis, 51 (1936), 152-64, 264-83.



31. Charles Verlinden, 'Draps des Pays-Bas et du nord de la France en Espagne au XIVe siècle,' Moyen âge, 3rd series, 8 (1937), 21-36.



32. Willem L. J. De Nie, De ontwikkeling der Noord-Nederlandsche Textielververij van de veertiende tot de achttiende eeuw (Leiden, 1937).



33. G. Doudelez, 'La revolution communale de 1280 à Ypres,' Revue des questions historiques, 132 (March 1938), 58-78; and 132 (Sept. 1938), 3-25; and 133 (Jan. 1939), 21-70.



34. Frans Blockmans, Het Gentsche stadspatriciaat tot omstreeks 1302, Rijksuniversiteit te Gent, werken uitgegeven door de faculteit van de wijsbegeerte en letteren, vol. 85 (Antwerp, 1938).



35. Frans Blockmans, 'Eenige nieuwe gegevens over de Gentsche draperie, 1120 - 1313,' Handelingen van de koninklijke commissie voor geschiedenis, 104 (1939), 195-260.



36. Charles Verlinden, Brabantsch en Vlaamsch laken te Krakau op het einde der XIVe eeuw, Mededelingen van de Koninklijke vlaamse academie voor wetenschappen, letteren en schone kunsten van België, Klasse der letteren, Vol. V, no. 2 (Brussels, 1943).



37. Leo Verriest, La draperie d'Ath des origines au XVIIIe siècle: Étude d'histoire économique et sociale (Brussels, 1942).



38. Renée Doehaerd, L'expansion économique belge au moyen âge (Brussels, 1946), especially pp. 79-98. Reprinted in Renée Doehaerd, Oeconomica Mediaevalia, Centrum voor sociale structuren en economische conjunctur, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Brussels: Wilsele, 1984), pp. 21-90.



39. Felicien Favresse, ed., 'Dix règlements intéressant la draperie bruxelloise (1376 - 1394),' Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire, 111 (1946), 143-66.



40. Felicien Favresse, ed., 'Règlements inédits sur la vente des laines et des draps et sur les métiers de la draperie bruxelloise (1363-1394),' Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire, 111 (1946), 167-234.



41. Hans Van Werveke, De koopman-ondernemer en de ondernemer in de Vlaamsche lakennijverheid van de middeleeuwen, Medelingen van de koninklijke Vlaamse academie voor wetenschappen, letteren, en schone kunsten van Belgie, Klasse der letteren, no. VIII (Antwerp, 1946). Has a French summary.



42. Hans Van Werveke, De omvang van de Ieperse lakenproductie in de veertiende eeuw, Medelingen van de koninklijke Vlaamse academie voor wetenschappen, letteren, en schone kunsten van Belgie, Klasse der letteren, no. IX (Antwerp, 1947). Has a French summary.

43. Felicien Favresse, ed., 'Actes inédits du magistrat et de la Gilde de Bruxelles relatifs à la draperie urbaine, depuis 1343 environ jusqu'à l'apparition de la `nouvelle draperie,' vers 1440,' Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire, 112 (1947), 1-100.



44. Felicien Favresse, ed., 'Note et documents sur l'apparition de la `nouvelle draperie' à Bruxelles, 1441-1443,' Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire, 112 (1947), 143-67.



45. Felicien Favresse, 'Les débuts de la nouvelle draperie bruxelloise, appelée aussi draperie légère,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 28 (1950), reprinted in his Etudes sur les métiers bruxellois au moyen âge (Brussels, 1961), pp. 59-74.



46. M. Dubois, ed., 'Textes et fragments relatifs à la draperie de Tournai au moyen âge,' Revue du Nord, 32 (1950), 145-65, 219-35.



47. Felicien Favresse, 'La petite draperie bruxelloise, 1416-1466,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 29 (1951), reprinted in his Etudes sur les métiers bruxellois au moyen âge (Brussels, 1961), pp. 75-84.



* 48. Guy De Poerck, La draperie médiévale en Flandre et en Artois: Technique et terminologie, 3 vols. (Bruges, 1951).



49. Hans Van Werveke, 'Esquisse d'une histoire de la draperie: introduction historique,' to Guy De Poerck's La draperie médiévale en Flandre et en Artois (Bruges, 1951); reprinted in his Miscellanea Mediaevalia (Ghent, 1968), pp. 350-64.



50. Hans Van Werveke, 'Landelijke en stedelijke nijverheid: Bijdrage tot de oudste geschiedenis van de Vlaamse steden,' Verslag van de algemene vergadering der leden van het Historisch Genootschap, Utrecht (1951), pp. 37-51, reprinted in his Miscellanea Medieavalia (Ghent, 1968), pp. 365-80.



51. J. Lestoquoy, Aux origines de la bourgeoisie: Les villes de Flandre et d'Italie sous le gouvernement des patriciens, XIe-XVe siècles (Paris, 1952).



* 52. E.M. Carus-Wilson, 'The Woollen Industry,' in M. M. Postan and E.E. Rich, eds., Cambridge Economic History, Vol. II (Cambridge, 1952), 372-86, 398-412; reissued with a few revisions in M. M. Postan and Edward Miller, eds., The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vol. Trade and Industry in the Middle Ages, 2nd rev. edn. (Cambridge, 1987), pp. 630-46, 657-74.



53. Hektor Ammann, 'Deutschland und die Tuchindustrie Nordwesteuropas im Mittelälter,' Hansisches Geschichtsblätter, 72 (1954), 1-63. On German markets for cloths made in Low Countries, etc.



54. Hans Van Werveke, 'Industrial Growth in the Middle Ages: The Cloth Industry of Flanders,' Economic History Review, 2nd ser. 6 (1954), 237-45; reprinted in his Miscellanea Medievalia (Ghent, 1968), pp. 381-90.



55. J.R. Verellen, 'Lakennijverheid en lakenhandel van Herentals in de 14e, 15e en 16e eeuwen,' Taxandria, 27 (1955), 118-80.



56. Federigo Melis, 'Mercanti-imprenditori italiani in Fiandra alla fine de Trecenti,' Economia e storia, 5 (1958), 144-61.



57. A. Joris, 'Une création hutoise: la draperie d'Yvois (1304),' in Mélanges Félix Rousseau: Études sur l'histoire deu pays mosan au moyen âge (Btrussels, 1958), pp. 387-400.



58. Wilfrid Brulez, 'L'exportation des Pays-Bas vers l'Italie par voie de terre au milieu du XVIe siècle,' Annales: Économies, sociétés, civilisations, 14:3 (juillet-september 1959), 461-91. On textile exports to Italy.



59. P. Vàczy, 'La transformation de la technique et de l'organisation de l'industrie textile en Flandre aux XI-XIIIe siècles,' Studia Historica Academiae Scientarum Hungaricae, 48 (1960), 3-26.



60. O. Mus, 'De verhouding van de waard tot de drapier in de Kortrijkse draperie op het einde van de 15e eeuw,' Handelingen van het genootschap voor geschiedenis gesticht onder de benaming «Société d'Emulation te Brugge», 98 (1961), 156-218.



61. Raymond Van Uytven, Stadsfinanciën en stadseconomie te Leuven van de XIIe tot he einde der XVIe eeuw,, Verhandelingen van de koninklijke Vlaamse academie voor wetenschappen, letteren en schone kunsten van België, klasse der letteren, vol. XXIII (Brussel, 1961).



62. Federigo Melis, 'La diffusione nel Mediterraneo occidentale dei panni di Wervicq e delle altre citta della Lys attorna al 1400,' in Studi in onore di Amintore Fanfani, Vol. III: Medioevo (Milan, 1962), pp. 219-43.



63. Herman Van der Wee, Growth of the Antwerp Market and the European Economy, 14th to 16th Centuries, Vol. II: Interpretation (The Hague, 1963), Part I: pp. 41-55, 80-84, 98-100, 119-23, 183-90; Part II: 369-80.



64. Charles Verlinden, 'Draps des Pays-Bas et du nord-ouest de l'Europe au Portugal au XVe siècle,' Anuario de estudios medievales, 3 (1966), 235-61.



65. Robert-Henri Bautier, 'La place de la draperie brabançonne et plus particulièrement bruxelloise dans l'industrie textile au moyen âge,' Annales de la sociétê royale d'archéologie de Bruxelles, 51 (1966), 31-63.



66. John Munro, 'Bruges and the Abortive Staple in English Cloth,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 44 (1966), 1138-59. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



67. R. Sprandel, 'Zur Tuchproduktion in der Gegend von Ypren,' Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, 54 (1967).



68. Pierre Deyon, and A. Lottin, A., 'Evolution de la production textile à Lille aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles,' Revue du Nord, 49 (1967), 23-33.



69. Federigo Melis, 'L'industrie drapière au moyen âge dans la vallée de la Lys, d'Armentieres à Gand,' in Hulde aan Paul Ferrant-Dalle (Wervik, 1967), pp. 151-61.



70. Wilfrid Brulez, 'Le commerce international des Pays-Bas au XVI siècle: essai d'appréciation quantitative,' Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, 46 (1968), 1205-21.



71. K. Spading, 'Streikkämpfe des Vorproletariats in der holländischen Tuchstadt Leiden im 15. Jahrhundert,' Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, Gesellschafts- und sprachwiss. Reihe, 18 (1969), 171-75.



72. W. Van Waesberghe, 'De reglementierung van de tradionele Brugse textiel-ambachten in de 15e en 16e eeuw: Bijdrage tot de stduie van het ambachtswezen,' Appeltjes van het Meetjesland, 20 (1969), 163-73.



73. W. Van Waesberghe, 'De invoering van de nieuwe textielnijverheiden te Brugge en hun reglementering (einde 15e - 16e eeuw),' Appeltjes van het Meetjesland, 20 (1969), 218-38.



74. Jan A. Van Houtte, 'De draperie van Leidse lakens in Brugges, 1503-1516: Een vroege poging tot inplanting van nieuwe nijverheden,' in Album Antoon Viaene (Bruges, 1970), pp. 331-39; reprinted in J. A. Van Houtte, Essays on Medieval and Early Modern Economy and Society, Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum et Philosophiae Lovaniensis Series A: vol. 5 (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 1977), pp. 291-302.



75. John Munro, 'An Economic Aspect of the Collapse of the Anglo-Burgundian Alliance, 1428-1442,' English Historical Review, 85 (1970) 225-44. Reprinted in John H. Munro, Bullion Flows and Monetary Policies in England and the Low Countries, 1350 - 1500, Variorum Collected Studies Series CS 355 (London, 1992).



76. A.D.A. Monna, 'De textielnijverheid in Weert,' Studien over de sociaal-economische geschiedenis van Limburg, 15 (1970), 29-49.



77. Raymond Van Uytven, ' 'Hierlandsche' wol en lakens in Brabantse documenten (XIIIde - XVIde eeuw),' Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis inzonderheid van het oud hertogdom Brabant, 53 (1970), 5-16.



* 78. Raymond Van Uytven, 'The Fulling Mill: Dynamic of the Revolution in Industrial Attitudes,' Acta Historiae Neerlandicae, 5 (1971), 1-14.



* 79. David Nicholas, Town and Countryside: Social, Economic, and Political Tensions in Fourteenth-Century Flanders (Bruges, 1971). Part II: chapter 2, 'Urban and Rural Textiles to 1338,' pp. 76-116l; and Part IV: chapter 2, 'Urban and Rural Textiles to 1384,' pp. 203-21.



80. Alain Derville, 'Les draperies flamandes et artesiennes vers 1250-1350,' Revue du Nord, 54 (1972), 353-70.



81. Adriaan Verhulst, 'La laine indigène dans les anciens Pays-Bas entre le XIIe et le XVIIe siècle: mise en oeuvre industrielle, production et commerce,' Revue historique, 247 (1972), 281-327. Reissued in Marco Spallanzani, ed., La lana come materia prima: I fenomeni della sua produzione e circolazione nei secoli XIII-XVII (Instituto internazionale di storia economica, Prato, Serie II, Florence, 1974).



82. Kenneth Ponting, 'Sculptures and Paintings of the Textile Processes at Leiden,' Textile History, 5 (1974), 128-51. Also contains some history of the Leiden cloth industry.



83. J. Demey, 'De Vlaamse ondernemeer in de middeleeuwse nijverheid: De Ieperse drapiers en 'upsetters' op het einde der 13e en in de 14e eeuw,' in O. Mus and J.A. Van Houtte, eds., Prisma van de geschiedenis van Ieper (Ypres, 1974), pp. 143-56.



** 84. Herman Van der Wee, 'Structural Changes and Specialization in the Industry of the Southern Netherlands, 1100-1600,' Economic History Review, 2nd ser. 28 (1975), 203-21.



85. Walter Prevenier, 'Bevolkingscijfers en professionele strukturen der bevolking van Gent en Brugge in de 14de eeuw,' Album Charles Verlinden (Ghent, 1975), pp. 269-303.



86. Marco Spallanzani, ed., Produzione, commercio e consumo dei panni di lana (Florence, 1976): see the following, for the Low Countries:



a) T.S. Jansma, 'L'industrie lainière des Pays Bas du Nord et specialement celle de Hollande (XIVe-XVIIe siècles): production, organisation, exportation,' pp. 51-56.



b) Raymond Van Uytven, 'La draperie brabançonne et malinoise du XIIe au XVIIe siècles: grandeur éphemère et décadence,' pp. 85-97.



c) Charles Verlinden, 'Aspects de la production, du commerce, et de la consommation des draps flamands au moyen âge,' pp. 99-112.



d) Jan Craeybeckx, 'L'industrie de la laine dans les anciens Pays-Bas méridionaux de la fin du XVIe au début du XVIIIe siècle,' pp. 21-43. Also contains some discussion of the earlier period.



87. David Nicholas, 'Economic Reorganization and Social Change in Fourteenth-Century Flanders,' Past and Present, no. 70 (1976), pp. 3-29.



88. John Munro, 'Industrial Protectionism in Medieval Flanders: Urban or National?' in David Herlihy, H.A. Miskimin, and A. Udovitch, eds., The Medieval City (London and New Haven, 1977), pp. 229-67. Reprinted in John Munro, Textiles, Towns, and Trade: Essays in the Economic History of Late-Medieval England and the Low Countries, Variorum Collected Studies series CS 442 (London, 1994).



89. Dick De Boer, Graaf en grafiek: sociale en economische ontwikkeling in het middeleuwse 'Noordholland' tussen 1345 en 1415 (Leiden, 1978). Has information on the Dutch cloth industries.



90. Herman Van der Wee and Erik Aerts, 'The History of the Textile Industry in the Low Countries: List of Publications,' Textile History, 9 (1978), 176-83; 12 (1981), 129-40; 14 (1983), 227-32.



91. David Nicholas, 'Structures du peuplement, fonctions urbaines et formation du capital dans la Flandre médievale,' Annales: E.S.C., 30 (1978), 501-27.



92. David Nicholas, 'The English Trade at Bruges in the Last Years of Edward III,' Journal of Medieval History, 5 (1979), 23-61.



93. Jean-Paul Peeters, 'Aspecten van de structurele mutatie der Mechelse lakennijverheid in het midden van de Xve eeuw (1430-1470),' Handelingen van de koninklijke kring voor oudheidkunde, letteren en kunst van Mechelen, 82 (1979), 65-131.



94. P.J.M. Gorp, 'Over vollen en volmolens: een industriële revolutie in de vroege middeleeuwen,' Brabants Heem, 31 (1979), 66-78.



95. Hugo Soly and Alfons K. L. Thijs, 'Nijverheid in de zuidelijke Nederlanden,' in J.A. Van Houtte, et al., eds., Algemene geschiedenis der Nederlanden, vol. VI (Haarlem, 1979), pp. 27-57.



96. John Munro, 'Monetary Contraction and Industrial Change in the Late-Medieval Low Countries, 1335-1500,' in Nicholas Mayhew, ed., Coinage in the Low Countries (880-1500): Third Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History (British Archeological Reports, International Series